'Biology – Patterns in Nature\r'

'Biology †Pattern in Nature 1. Organisms are made of cells that call for similar structural characteristics 1. 2. 1Outline the Historical instruction of the cell surmise, in particular, the contributions of Robert Hooke and Robert Brown. •1665 English scientist Robert Hooke utilise microscope to examine thin slices of cork and aphorism small box-like compartments he called cells. He was source to realise plant material had nonionised structure at microscopic level. (compound microscope) •1831 Scottish Botanist Robert Brown was involved in a dispute about how pollination and fertilisation occurred in plants.During his study with orchids, he noned that ‘Each cell has a spherical structure’. He named it the pith of a cell. First to introduce the purpose of a nucleated cell as unit of structure in plants. 1. 2. 2Describe testify to support the cell theory. •Cell theory evidence accumulated over 600 long time with advancement of technology with the microscope and lens systemes. •14th ampere-second Italian monks invented magnifying glass spectacles. •1590 first devil lens/ compound microscope made by Hans and Zacharias Janssen. •1676 Leeuwenhoek (Dutch) saw micro organisms under a microscope in a drop of kitty water. 1824 Henri Dutrochet (French) suggested that all organisms are composed of cells. •1838 Schleiden and Schwann (German) advertise advanced idea that all organisms are made of cells.Increasing evidence. E. g. first researcher to slew single yeast cells budding and producing naked as a jaybird cells. From that time on, cells regarded as building pig out of life. •1859 Rudolph Virchow (German) stated that all cells divide and that is how novel cells are made. •1879 Walther Flemming (German) used biological stains to go steady cells dividing and verified the ideas of Virchow. 1. 2. Discuss the significance of proficient advances to developments of cell theory â₠¬Â¢Middle ages- automatic generation- summation + maggots, tadpoles/frogs in H20. (Living matter arises from non-living matter. chore= the source of new life/ eggs could not be attainn, too microscopic. •Magnifying lens made in 1300 but not used in astronomical instruments and microscopes until 1600’s. •earlier microscope was single lens. Compound was developed in the beginning long after, had 2 lens, objective and an ocular- mounted in a tube. It wasn’t until 1660’s before developed enough to be useful. • spunk can only be 10cm besotted to an object to be able to see it in focus.Closer than that the nub cannot resolve or separate small objects so blurred. root= to see objects as separate and distinct. Magnifying lenses deal out light rays so they strike the eye lens at a practically greater angle of incidence than unassisted eye. Magnification= to make things appear bigger. •not much development happened for 200 days in micro scope advances due to problems with chromatic aberration. •Schwann helped to dissipate theory of spontaneous generation by magnifying 400 times meat extracts through which hot air had passed. It was found meat was sterile. Also used microscope to trace heraldic bearing of yeast in grape juice and beer.\r\n'