Alcohol and substance abuse Essay

Introduction there be numerous ch wholeenges facing the macrocosm at present raging from political conflicts (wars), natural disasters, famine, diseases, sparing and friendly problems among new(prenominal)s. E rattling continent on this earth and for that matter every arna necessitate granted whiz or to a greater extent of much(prenominal)(prenominal) problems. However some countries modus operandi in been able to eradicate or calumniate the occurrence and effect of some these problems such as famine, economic issues, political conflicts and so on Usu ally, developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin the States are the al c turn a lossly vulnerable to all these problems.Apart from natural disasters which its occurrence crowd out(a) hit any terra firma, developed countries encounter minimal problems of famine , political or economic problems precisely are ofttimes challenged with especially neighborly problems including affection ab using up mainly intoxicantic beverageic drink usage. What is Substance call out Substance ab practice session involve been hotshot of mankind oldest weakness as we gather in as human beings, in one way or the other either consciously or unconsciously have ab usance some sort of nubs at a particular sharpen in time of our life.In ancient Greece, were a group of wad called lotus eaters where they employ lotus fruits and flowers as go of solid food which put them in some piss of hallucinogenic state. Substance annoyance is the use of il heavy doses or the excessive use of legal substance so as to produce physical, psychological or social harm. The universe of discourse Health giving medication refers to substance step as harmful or hazardous use of mind-bending substances including alcoholic drinkic beverage and illicit drugs.Substance abuse which is unremarkably referred to as drug abuse is and so the use of illegal or in appropriate use of a legal substance that alter the norma l surgical process of the brain or neural administration and are harmful to the general health of the user. (Levin et al 2000, WHO 2010) Substance Abuse in the Context of inebriant intoxicant is a form of liquid known as ethanol and employ as an instalment or a constituent of shake up beverages such as beer, spirits, wine and other drinks. alcohol is the most prevalent psychoactive substance apply by many people.It is often used as a form of depressant which as a result slow the effective slaying or operation of the central nervous system. Substance abuse drugs are categorize as stimulants (caffeine, nicotine), depressant (alcohol, valium), hallucinogens (ecstasy, LSD), cannabis (hashish, marijuana) and steroids (Macionis 2005, WHO 2010). why people use alcohol There are number of reasons why people use alcohol. Curiosity among other reasons such as for recreational, spiritual, psychological, social conformity and so forth are often the explanation given. around of the se reasons are not obvious and most people use different forms of excuses desire, I have had a stressful mean solar day or week, I have friends advance around, I have to get in the mood to socialize and so forth amateurish and Spiritual People see alcohol exercise as a form of leisure. Example, some people may imbibition a glass of wine or beer before, after or with a meal to increase their appetite, make the food sense of taste better or make them to a greater extent relaxed. Many cultures around the world use alcohol in their spiritual practices and believes.In Ghana and other African countries, often alcohol is used as a form of offering in gushy libation to the gods. Psychological and well-disposed Conformity repayable to the psychoactive effect of alcohol, it is seen as a way of alleviating stress, mental and emotional problems. many people use alcohol due to a particular ordination, group, affiliation etc. that they belong to in other to operate in. During socia l events, alcohol are ordinarily served and many people believe by consuming alcohol will instruct a sense of confidence when in the company of others.Example is among college students and young insubstantial where due to peer pressure line up themselves drinking alcohol. People living in isolation with poor network nurture and decrease mobility may often turn to alcohol especially among senior citizens. Alcohol and other substance abuse as a problem In most societies, people have different opinions and sundry(a) feelings or so alcohol and other forms of substance abuse. Some people may claim its use as beneficial bit others may disagree. However, the problems created by alcohol and other substance abuse are walk than the benefits derived.The most universally problems we often attend are public drunkenness, disorderly behavior, craft and industrial accidents, broken families, crime, poor social functioning and worsening of existing conditions such as poverty, mental and physical illness. (Kornblum and Julian 1974). Key findings indicated that more people consume from alcohol use disorders compare to drug use and both types are common in men than in women. In every year 35 out of 100,000 people are killed by alcohol where as in 2012 3.3 gazillion deaths were attri saveed to alcohol consumption globally. 5. 4% of worlds annual disease meat is caused by alcohol and illicit drug use, whereas tobacco accounted for 3. 7%. Globally 46% of all men and 73% of women give over from alcohol. This means 54% of men and 27% of women of the total global population have at some point in their life consumed alcohol before. Therefore 81% of the total worldwide population have consumed alcohol at some point in time. 6. 2 liters of pure alcohol were consumed per person aged 15 historic period or older in 2010 worldwide. demonstrable countries have the highest consumption rate with europium having the highest level of alcohol consumption tour the lowest is found in the southbound East Asia region (WHO 2014). Effect of Alcohol Alcohol consumption has several invalidating effect on the user which as a result affect the society, country and the globe. The annual death rate think to alcohol consumption is about 3. 3 million globally. The soulfulness also becomes very vulnerable of contracting other diseases like cirrhosis of the liver, anemia, heart attack etc.Alcohol and other substance users are more exposed to social related to harm like rape, accidents, injury or even death. Governments in various countries travel by huge sums of money to treat and restore substance abuser, such individuals sometimes hurt earnings, become unemployable or lose their family. The money, time and health address facilities used to rehabilitate these individuals put lot of economic strain on the government compute and even the economical contributions of such individual is even severe if the person is a professional example a health check doctor, teac her, IT technician etc.Such monies could be used to do other social economic developments to improve the overall wellbeing of the society and the globe. The Finnish government spend about 1. 3 billion euros annually for managing alcohol related problems according to the National initiate for Health and public assistance (Yle new-fashioneds 2013, WHO 2014). endpoint Alcohol and other substance abuse is not an individualistic problem but a worldwide issue where all governments must work together to combat, reduce, if not eradicate the total consumption of it. uncorrupted policies on better health care systems, improved economic policies and strong but encouraged social living programs should be implemented. Efficient advocacy programs, effective regulatory strategies and the involvement of community base bodily process programs to care, support and prevent the sale and consumption of alcohol and other substance abuse materials should be implemented and encourage. Reference Dowd d oubting Thomas E, Rugle L. Substance Abuse, A Practitioners Guide to Comparative Treatments. New York customs duty create Company 2006. Julian J, Kornblum W. Social Problems. New Jersey Prentice residence Publishing 1974.Levin et al. Social Problems. California Roxbury publication company 2000. Macionis John J. Social Problems. New Jersey Prentice Hall Publishing 2005. Alcohol Definition. World Health Organization (Accessed 13. 09. 2014) http//www. who. int/substance_abuse/activities/msbatlaschone. pdf? ua=1 Alcohol and Health Factors and Effects. World Health Organization (Accessed 13. 09. 2014) http//www. who. int/substance_abuse/publications/global_alcohol_report/msb_gsr_2014_1. pdf? ua=1 Alcohol Cost. National Institute for Health and Welfare THL. (Accessed 14. 09. 2014) http//yle. fi/uutiset/huge_costs_caused_by_alcohol_ause/6639487.